Appendix A: Quick Reference 165
Appendix A Quick Reference
This appendix summarizes the directives, text manipulation functions, and special variables
which GNU make understands. See Section 4.8 [Special Targets], page 32, Section 10.2
[Catalogue of Built-In Rules], page 112, and Section 9.7 [Summary of Options], page 104,
for other summaries.
Here is a summary of the directives GNU make recognizes:
define variable
define variable =
define variable :=
define variable ::=
define variable +=
define variable ?=
endef Define multi-line variables.
See Section 6.8 [Multi-Line], page 69.
undefine variable
Undefining variables.
See Section 6.9 [Undefine Directive], page 69.
ifdef variable
ifndef variable
ifeq (a,b)
ifeq "a" "b"
ifeq ’a’ ’b’
ifneq (a,b)
ifneq "a" "b"
ifneq ’a’ ’b’
else
endif Conditionally evaluate part of the makefile.
See Chapter 7 [Conditionals], page 77.
include file
-include file
sinclude file
Include another makefile.
See Section 3.3 [Including Other Makefiles], page 13.
override variable-assignment
Define a variable, overriding any previous definition, even one from the com-
mand line.
See Section 6.7 [The override Directive], page 68.
export Tell make to export all variables to child processes by default.
See Section 5.7.2 [Communicating Variables to a Sub-make], page 52.
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